Test: Artificial intelligence

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE



Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of research that goes back to the very beginnings of computer science. The idea of building a machine that can perform tasks perceived as requiring human intelligence is an attractive one. The tasks that have been studied from this point of view include game playing, language translation, natural-language understanding, robotics and the like. Challenging games such as chess have been the subject of intensive study, with the result that the leading modern chess programs can defeat almost all best human players.
Early attempts to translate from one language to another, even when the languages were somewhat similar (such as English and German) were based solely on dictionary lookup of words and mechanical syntax conversion. Results were often absurd. Recently AI researchers have achieved greater success by incorporating in the translation process knowledge about meaning and language use. Essentially, the approach is to understand a text before translating it. Thus natural language processing (understanding) becomes the key to translation, as well as being important in itself for
such applications as human-computer interaction through speech input.

(A) COMPREHENSION (4 points)
a) ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-2 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT. USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (1 point per answer)
1) Why has AI investigation been successful recently?
2) How can programmers improve computer translators?

b) ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT. (0.5 points per answer)
3) Artificial Intelligence has been a recent target in computer science.
4) Human chess players can defeat chess programs.
5) No acceptable translator needs to understand texts before translating.
6) We can only enter data into a computer by a keyboard or a mouse.

(B) USE OF ENGLISH (3 points)
7) Give one opposite for ABSURD (adjective) (line . (0.25 points)
Find in the text the word which has the following definition: (0.25 points)
“answer or solution to a problem or subject” (noun)
9) Complete the series with another word of the same semantic group: (0.25 points)
WINDSCREEN, WHEEL, BRAKE, SEATBELT
10) Which word is not an ADJECTIVE? (0.25 points)
COWARDLY, FRIENDLY, HAPPY, HARDLY

11) Turn the following sentence into the passive voice: (0.5 points)
Computers cannot, at this moment in time, perform tasks that require hum an intelligence.
12) Join the following sentences using a relative. Make changes if necessary: (0.5 points)
These robots can be considered intelligent machines. Their reactions are almost human.
13) Rewrite the sentence without changing its meaning. Begin as indicated: (0.5 points)
She can play the guitar but she has never studied music.
Although …
14) Use the words in the boxes to make a meaningful sentence. Use all and only the words in the boxes without changing their form. (0.5 points)
SHAKIRA TO WE ALL MUSIC DANCED NIGHT THE OF

(C) PRODUCTION (3 points)
15) WRITE A COMPOSITION (80-100 WORDS). CHOOSE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS. SPECIFY YOUR OPTION.
a) Write about computers in your daily routines.
b) Will the Internet govern our lives? Why?